北京冬奥会推动国内制冷行业可持续发展

二氧化碳制冷技术和提升氨制冷安全体系是绿色制冷的重要支撑,北京冬奥会大量采用绿色制冷技术,不仅推动国内制冷行业可持续发展,而且将对2030年碳达峰和2060年碳中和产生深远影响.     

低压三相电机交流控制电源应采用控制变压器

就交流低压三相电动机控制电路的电源而言,国内外采用的方式有很大不同,我国多为相线加中性线或两根相线,而国外发达国家几乎均采用控制变压器;从标准入手进行对比分析,提出除特殊原因外,交流低压三相电动机控制电路的电源应采用控制变压器.     

金针菇多糖对微冻大黄鱼及其鱼片品质变化的影响

为研究金针菇多糖（polysaccharide from Flammulina velutipes，FVP）对微冻大黄鱼及鱼片在贮藏期间肌原纤维蛋白性质的变化及水分分布的影响，实验分别选用0.03、0.06、0.09 g/L FVP浸渍处理大黄鱼和鱼片，以无菌水处理为对照组，分析微冻贮藏期间样品的感官指标得分、总挥发性盐基氮含量、总巯基含量、Ca2＋-ATPase活性、蛋白流变学性质以及水分迁移变化规律。结果表明：FVP可有效抑制整鱼总挥发性盐基氮含量上升和感官得分的下降；减缓整鱼及鱼片在微冻过程中总巯基含量、Ca2＋-ATPase活性下降和水分流失；此外FVP还能够延缓大黄鱼因腐败而出现的蛋白凝胶能力减弱。在本实验选取的多糖浓度范围内，0.09 g/L FVP处理组保鲜效果较强。该研究结果可为FVP用于水产品贮运保鲜提供理论参考。     

基于熵权物元模型的长三角幸福河层次评价

将幸福河概念与长江三角洲区域一体化发展战略相结合，基于自然、人类社会、人水关系3个系统构建了包含24个指标的长三角幸福河层次评价指标体系；引入需求层次理论，以基础Ⅰ层次、基础Ⅱ层次、提升Ⅰ层次、提升Ⅱ层次、幸福层次5个层次作为幸福河的层次评价等级，运用熵权物元模型，建立了长三角幸福河层次评价模型，并对2018年长三角三省一市幸福河层次等级进行了评价。结果表明，三省一市均处于转化中的中间状态，其中江苏省向提升Ⅰ层次转化，浙江省、安徽省向提升Ⅱ层次转化，上海市向幸福层次转化，说明区域整体幸福河层次处于较高水平，但稳定性较差。     

浅议现代医院装修改造工程管理措施

近年来,我国医疗卫生事业得到快速发展,新建了大量的医院装修改造工程,以改善医疗卫生环境,满足医疗服务质量需求.但是,现代医院装修改造工程具有施工难度大、周期长、管理要素多的特征.如何推动工程管理体系跨越式发展、突破传统管理模式局限性,是业界讨论重点.基于此,本文对现代医院装修改造工程的质量、进度、造价、风险管理体系展开探讨,提出管理措施,藉此为同类工程管理活动提供参考借鉴.     

Food-grade carrageenans and their implications in health and disease

Food additives, often used to guarantee the texture, shelf-life, taste, and appearance of processed foods, have gained widespread attention due to their increased link to the growing incidence of chronic diseases. As one of the most common additives, carrageenans have been used in human diets for hundreds of years. While classified as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for human consumption, numerous studies since the 1980s have suggested that carrageenans, particularly those with random coil conformations, may have adverse effects on gastrointestinal health, including aggravating intestinal inflammation. While these studies have provided some evidence of adverse effects, the topic is still controversial. Some have suggested that the negative consequence of the consumption of carrageenans may be structure dependent. Furthermore, pre-existing conditions may predispose individuals to varied outcomes of carrageenan intake. In this review, structure–function relationships of various carrageenans in the context of food safety are discussed. We reviewed the molecular mechanisms by which carrageenans exert their biological effects. We summarized the findings associated with carrageenan intake in animal models and clinical trials. Moreover, we examined the interactions between carrageenans and the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal disorders. This review argues for personalized guidance on carrageenan intake based on individuals’ health status. Future research efforts that aim to close the knowledge gap on the effect of low-dose and chronic carrageenan intake as well as interactions among food additives should be conducive to the improved safety profile of carrageenans in processed food products.     

烧结砖瓦生产技术

第二章制备第一节原料的开采1原料矿勘探在新的砖厂建设以前,必须充分注意砖瓦原料矿的勘探工作,搞清原料的多少和使用价值,切实做到安全、可靠、经济。尽可能地将工厂设在原料较为丰富的地方,开采集中、便于管理。成品的质量,在很大程度上取决于原料的质量,若砖厂建好后才发现它的原料矿储量或质量有了问题,就会直接威胁到工厂的生存。     

耦合双涵道风机的双擎换热系统设计优化

基于航空领域双涵道设计的风机系统,应用于房间空调器,解决单一类型风机存在的风感问题,能有效提升人体舒适性.但耦合双涵道风机的双擎换热系统设计,国内外尚无相关研究.为了研究双擎换热系统匹配设计方法,总结设计规律,通过对耦合双涵道风机的换热系统进行数值仿真和实验研究,获取不同负载条件下,双涵道风机系统上下风机最佳转速配比参数,同时匹配全新换热器结构参数,规划管内侧制冷剂分布,强化双擎换热系统换热效率,提升空调器的能效等级,以满足高能效的用户需求.     

Molecular dynamic investigation on sulfur migration during hydrogen production by benzothiophene gasification in supercritical water

Benzothiophene (BT) is a key sulfur-containing intermediate product in the thermal conversion process of coal and heavy oil. The migration process of the sulfur element may affect the thermal utilization design of BT. In this paper, BT was used as a model compound to simulate the supercritical water gasification (SCWG) process by molecular dynamics with a reactive force field (ReaxFF) method, and the laws of hydrogen production and sulfur migration mechanisms were obtained. Increasing the molecule number of supercritical water (SCW) and increasing the reaction temperature can enhance the generation of hydrogen and promote the conversion of organic sulfur to inorganic sulfur. Water was the main source of H₂, and H₂S was the main gaseous sulfur-containing product. SCW had a certain degree of oxidation due to a large number of hydroxyl radicals, which could increase the valence of sulfur. The conversion process of BT in SCW was mainly divided into four stages, including thiophene ring-opening; sulfur separation or carbon chain broke with sulfur retention; carbon chain cleaved, and gas generation. The lumped kinetic parameters of the conversion of sulfur in BT to inorganic sulfur were calculated, and the activation energy was 369.98 kJ/mol, which was much lower than those under pyrolysis conditions. This article aims to clarify the synergistic characteristics of hydrogen production and sulfur migration in the SCWG process of BT from the molecular perspective, which is expected to provide a theoretical basis for pollutant directional removal during hydrogen production by sulfur-containing organic matters in SCW.